ダビンチのDNA発見なるか

Will da Vinci's DNA be discovered?

Will da Vinci's DNA be discovered?
500年以上前に亡くなったレオナルド・ダビンチのDNAを特定し、その卓越した才能の秘密を解明しようとする研究が進行中である

Research is underway to identify the DNA of Leonardo da Vinci, who died more than 500 years ago, and uncover the secret behind his extraordinary talent.

Research is underway to identify the DNA of Leonardo da Vinci, who died more than 500 years ago, and uncover the secret behind his extraordinary talent.
しかしながら、ダビンチには子どもがなく、また墓所も革命の混乱で破壊されてしまったため、直接DNAを入手するのはきわめて困難だ

However, since Da Vinci had no children and his tomb was destroyed during the chaos of the revolution, it is extremely difficult to directly obtain his DNA.

However, since Da Vinci had no children and his tomb was destroyed during the chaos of the revolution, it is extremely difficult to directly obtain his DNA.
発掘された遺骨にしても本物かは分からないとなれば自然、研究者らは作品や手紙など、ダビンチ自身が触れたものを調査せざるを得なくなった

It is natural that even if the remains are excavated, it is not known whether they are genuine, so researchers have no choice but to investigate items that Da Vinci himself touched, such as works and letters.

It is natural that even if the remains are excavated, it is not known whether they are genuine, so researchers have no choice but to investigate items that Da Vinci himself touched, such as works and letters.
それでも、500年を経たサンプルから有意な遺伝子情報を抽出するには、高度な鑑定技術と緻密な検討を要するのは当然だ

Still, it goes without saying that extracting significant genetic information from samples that are 500 years old requires advanced identification techniques and careful consideration.

Still, it goes without saying that extracting significant genetic information from samples that are 500 years old requires advanced identification techniques and careful consideration.
今回の実験で注目すべきは、DNAを抽出する対象そのものだろう

What should be noted in this experiment is the target itself from which DNA will be extracted.

What should be noted in this experiment is the target itself from which DNA will be extracted.
生物の体から直接検体を取るのとは違い、たとえばダビンチの遠縁の手紙や彼の素描から綿棒で「細胞片」を収集しようとしたのである

Unlike taking samples directly from the body of a living organism, for example, they tried to collect ``cell fragments'' from da Vinci's letters and his drawings using cotton swabs.

Unlike taking samples directly from the body of a living organism, for example, they tried to collect ``cell fragments'' from da Vinci's letters and his drawings using cotton swabs.
ごく限られた量のDNAしか含まれないのに加え、500年にわたって様々な環境に晒されたことは言うまでもない

Not only does it contain only a limited amount of DNA, but it goes without saying that it has been exposed to various environments for 500 years.

Not only does it contain only a limited amount of DNA, but it goes without saying that it has been exposed to various environments for 500 years.
それでも近年、法医学の進歩は目覚ましく、乾式や湿式の綿棒を始め、サンプルの採取方法も多様化してきた

However, in recent years, forensic medicine has made remarkable progress, and sample collection methods have diversified, including dry and wet swabs.

However, in recent years, forensic medicine has made remarkable progress, and sample collection methods have diversified, including dry and wet swabs.
乾いた綿棒で撫でるだけでも十分な試料が採取できると分かった時、研究者らは強い希望を感じたに違いない

Researchers must have felt a strong sense of hope when they discovered that they could collect enough samples just by swabbing them with a dry cotton swab.

Researchers must have felt a strong sense of hope when they discovered that they could collect enough samples just by swabbing them with a dry cotton swab.
採取したサンプルから得られたのは、細菌や菌類のみならず、動植物や動物に由来するさまざまなDNAだった

The samples obtained contained a variety of DNA derived not only from bacteria and fungi, but also from plants and animals.

The samples obtained contained a variety of DNA derived not only from bacteria and fungi, but also from plants and animals.
注目すべきは、同一男性のY染色体配列が一致したことにある

What is noteworthy is that the Y chromosome sequences of the same male matched.

What is noteworthy is that the Y chromosome sequences of the same male matched.
ダビンチ自身かどうかはまだ断定できないが、同じY染色体配列が他の物品からも一貫して検出されれば、その人物こそはと特定しうるだろう

It is still not possible to say for sure whether it was Da Vinci himself, but if the same Y chromosome sequence is consistently detected in other items, it may be possible to identify him as the person.

It is still not possible to say for sure whether it was Da Vinci himself, but if the same Y chromosome sequence is consistently detected in other items, it may be possible to identify him as the person.
そもそも、DNAに記録された遺伝的特徴からは、生物の種や朽ちた木の種類まで分かるのだ

In the first place, genetic characteristics recorded in DNA can even be used to determine the species of living things and the types of decayed trees.

In the first place, genetic characteristics recorded in DNA can even be used to determine the species of living things and the types of decayed trees.
研究チームはサンプルの混入しうる可能性を排除しつつも、そこに含まれていたオレンジの木のDNAやイノシシのDNAに注目した

While ruling out the possibility of sample contamination, the research team focused on the presence of orange tree DNA and wild boar DNA.

While ruling out the possibility of sample contamination, the research team focused on the presence of orange tree DNA and wild boar DNA.
前者は、ダビンチがルネサンス期のイタリアで仕えていたメディチ家の庭園に由来するものらしく、後者はイノシシの毛を使用した絵筆に紐づけられる可能性が高い

The former seems to have originated from the garden of the Medici family, where da Vinci worked in Renaissance Italy, and the latter is likely associated with a paintbrush made from boar hair.

The former seems to have originated from the garden of the Medici family, where da Vinci worked in Renaissance Italy, and the latter is likely associated with a paintbrush made from boar hair.
作品の表面から採取したDNAにしても、要するに作家が手を触れた痕跡に過ぎない

Even if DNA is collected from the surface of a work, it is essentially just a trace of the artist's touch.

Even if DNA is collected from the surface of a work, it is essentially just a trace of the artist's touch.
ダビンチと同様のY染色体を持つ男子の系統を調べる中で注目されたのは「E1b1」という集団、すなわちハプログループである

While researching the lineage of males with the same Y chromosome as da Vinci, what caught our attention was a group called "E1b1", or a haplogroup.

While researching the lineage of males with the same Y chromosome as da Vinci, what caught our attention was a group called "E1b1", or a haplogroup.
これは、全体の2から14パーセントに当たるものの、遺伝学的には1パーセントを超える頻度を高いとみなす

This corresponds to 2 to 14 percent of the total, but genetically speaking, anything over 1 percent is considered high.

This corresponds to 2 to 14 percent of the total, but genetically speaking, anything over 1 percent is considered high.
本稿では割愛したが、同じハプログループに属するかどうかは、その人物が直系の血縁にいるか否かに一致するとは限らない

Although I omitted this article, whether or not a person belongs to the same haplogroup does not necessarily correspond to whether or not that person is a direct blood relative.

Although I omitted this article, whether or not a person belongs to the same haplogroup does not necessarily correspond to whether or not that person is a direct blood relative.
それでも、ダビンチの父親の子孫から採取したサンプルに同じDNAが含まれていたとなれば、この研究が一歩また一歩と前進しているのである

Still, if samples taken from descendants of da Vinci's father contain the same DNA, this is a step forward in this research.hshsj

Still, if samples taken from descendants of da Vinci's father contain the same DNA, this is a step forward in this research.hshsj